Ensimmäinen kommentaattori heitti että “Sitä ei ainakaan osaa”. Toiseksi kommentiksi laitoin osoitteen www.ubuntu-fi.org.

Reaktio oli yllättävä: kommentaattoreiksi löytyi kaksi muuta Ubuntua käyttävää naishenkilöä jotka tykkäsivät siitä! Mahtavaa nähdä että Ubuntu leviää tasaisella tahdilla myös tavallisten ihmisten (=ei-nörttimiesten) keskuuteen! Toki he kertoivat että alussa oli Windowsiin tottuneelle ollut hieman opettelua mutta vähitellen käyttöä on oppinut eikö ole koneen kaatuilu ollut ongelmana.

Alkuperäinen kirjoittelija kiinnostui että mikäs tämä Ubuntu on, onko se joku lyhennös undulaatista vai..

Niinpä kirjoittelin lyhyen (?) esittelyn Ubuntusta jonka ajattelin jakaa täälläkin.
Olkaa hyvä!

Ubuntu

Ubuntu on käyttäjärjestelmä kuten Windows tai maceissa pyörivä OS X. Se siis hoitaa mm. kaiken jutustelun ohjelmien ja laitteiden välillä (siis kaiken mitä tapahtuu siinä välissä kun käsket mokkulaa yhdistämään verkkoon siihen että se sit sinne yhdistää). Noin karkeesti.

Windows on Microsoftin lippulaiva ja se maksaa rahaa. Myös tietokoneissa, joihin ei erikseen osteteta Windowsia, vaan jossa se on asennettu jo ostettaessa, osa hinnasta tulee tästä Windowsin hinnasta. Windows on se perusjuhta joka löytyy kaikkialta. Sen ongelmia on juurikin monille tutuksi tullut epävakaus eli kaatuilu sekä ajan mittaan hidastuminen kun sinne kertyy jotain ‘tauhkaa’. Myös virukset ovat Windowsin riesa.

OS X on Applen tuote ja sekin maksaa rahaa. Sen ‘erikoisuus’ on se, että se pyörii vain Applen omissa tuotteissa, eli niissä mäkkitieskareissa. Apple pyrkii erittäin aggressiivisesti sitomaan käyttäjiä omiin tuotteisiinsa: esimerkiksi uusi iPhone ei lähde henkiin jos käytössä ei ole tieskaria jossa iTunesia ja Apple myös pyrkii juurikin estämään sen, ettei OS X:ää ajettaisi muilla koneilla. Lyhyesti siis tietyissä, suht suurissakin piireissä Applea pidetään epäreiluna pelurina, joka tekee nätin näköisiä tuotteita. OS X on käsittääkseni Windowsia vakaampi eikä viruksista ole riesaa.

Ja sitten on tämä Linux. Jos tarkkoja ollaan, Linux on se, mitä suomalainen Linus Torvalds 90-luvulla kirjoitteli Helsingin Yliopistossa: käyttäjärjestelmän ydin. Sen päälle on rakennettu sitten kokonaisuuksia joita kutsutaan jakeluversioiksi eli distribuutioiksi. Ubuntu on näistä yksi.

Ubuntun starttasi Etelä-Afrikkalainen it-kuplan aikaan rikastunut Mark Shuttleworth. Se iski rahat säätiöön joka tukee Ubuntun kehittämistä. Aktiivisesti mukana on myös Canonical -niminen yritys, jota Shuttleworth pyörittää.

Ubuntu on Etelä-Afrikan bantukielestä peräisin oleva sana ja tarkoittaa juttuja jotka pyörivät yhteisön ja toisten auttamisen ympärillä, kts Nelson Mandelan ja Desmond Tutun määritelmä sanalle Ubuntu.

Ubuntu -Linux -käyttöjärjestelmä pyrkii mahdollistamaan tietokoneen käytön tasapuolisesti ihmisille rahan määrästä (ilmainen, nyt ja aina), kielestä (käännetty kokonaan 29 kielelle, osittain 189 kielelle) tahi osaamisesta (käyttö pyritty tekemään mahdollisimman helpoksi, vaikeinta on juurikin Windows-käyttäjillä jotka ovat tottuneet tiettyihin kaavoihin).

Käytännössä Ubuntu on vakaa (=ei kaadu – erittäin käytetty internetiä pystyssä pitävissä palvelinkoneissa), helppokäyttöinen, nopea (=ei ruuhkaudu windowsin tavoin), turvallinen (=ei viruksia, ei tarvetta erilliselle palomuurille) käyttöjärjestelmä. Ubuntu-filosofia johtaa myös siihen, että käyttäjäyhteisö on erittäin suopea myös aloittelijoille: forumilla oikeasti uskaltaa kysellä tyhmiä – ja saa silti fiksuja vastauksia! Toisia autetaan, tehdään yhdessä juttuja.

Katso mitä muut sanovat: http://www.ubuntustory.com/
Ja suomenkielisen käyttäjäyhteisön sivut löytyvät osoitteestan http://www.ubuntu-fi.org

Nimim: välillä vähän näissä kuvioissa mukana ollut
https://wiki.ubuntu.com/RistoHKurppa

VALO

Ai, se piti vielä kertoa että Ubuntu on niin sanottua VALO -ohjelmistoa, eli Vapaa, Avoimen Lähdekoodin Ohjelma.

Vapaus tarkoittaa sitä, että sitä saa levittää rajoituksetta. Kopioida kaverille niin paljon kuin haluaa.
Vapaus tarkoittaa myös sitä, että Ubuntun ohjelmia saa muokata vapaasti omiin tarpeisiinsa sopivasti.

Avoimmuus tarkoittaa sitä, että ohjelmien alkuperäiset koodit tarjotaan niistä kiinnostuneille – tämä on se joka mahdollistaa tuon edellisen vapauskohdan, eli ohjelmien muokkaamisen.

Mikään näistä ei toteudu esim. Microsoftin päätuotteiden kohdalla: Ei Windowsia tai Officea saa kopioida kenellekään, ei niitä saa muokkailla – niitä ei edes pääsisi muokkaamaan koska lähdekoodia ei ole saatavilla.

Tunnetuimpia VALO-ohjelmia lienevät OpenOffice, Firefox, ja GIMP-kuvankäsittely. Kts esim. http://www.valo-cd.fi/ohjelmat

Tämän saman vapauden piiriin lukeutuu mm. Wikipedia, Librivox-äänikirjat, Openstreetmap.org -karttapalvelu. Kts lisää http://www.vapaasuomi.fi/

VALO on hyvää vauhtia leviämässä myös Tampereen hallintoon: http://blog.ubuntu-fi.org/2011/valoa-tampereella/

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This is my setup:
File system. Size Used Free Use% Mount
/dev/md0 38G 26G 11G 71% /
/dev/md1 319G 276G 27G 92% /home

First I ran backups to an external 500GB USB disk:
time rsync -av --progress --stats /home/rhk /media/disk/2010-07-24-homebackup/

Then I decided to find out how long I’ve been running this system. A neat way to find it out is to find when the file system has been created:
rhk@rubert:~$ sudo tune2fs -l /dev/md0|grep created
Filesystem created: Wed Jul 9 17:35:59 2008
rhk@rubert:~$ sudo tune2fs -l /dev/md1|grep created
Filesystem created: Tue May 8 22:31:04 2007

So I’ve had my setup running since July 2008, from Ubuntu Hardy Heron 8.04, upgrading to 8.10, then to 9.04, 9.10 and to 10.04. My home partition has been there since May 2007 – that’s when I got this computer and first installed Ubuntu Feisty Fawn 7.04.

~daily usage, I think running two years in a row isn’t that bad, every now and then installing some off-the-repository packages. And as stated above, there’s still nothing that’d force me to reinstall it.

How long have you had your setup running? Are you always upgrading to the latest version or staying with LTS releases? Do you often install software outside the repositories?

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That’s it.

(you can also try VirtualBox)

Except that I get an error: “Executing ‘grub-install /dev/sda’ failed. This is a fatal error.”

After this Ubiquity crashes.

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Someone organizing the Ubuntufest release party at Tampere, Finland on 5th of May (Akademy 2010 will also be there this summer!) asked if we’re planning to write a press release of the new Ubuntu release. Well.. it was on our TODO list but it really didn’t look like anyone would have the resources to write one like we’ve done earlier.

So I decided to run a small test on the community – would it be possible to create a press release without making it a pain to anyone. I opened an Etherpad, copied the original English press release there and annouced it on the same #ubuntu-fi-tiimit IRC channel requesting people to join to translate it.

Etherpad

Etherpad used to be a proprietary, but free (as ‘no money asked from you to use it’) service at etherpad.com. Then came Google, bought it, disabled it for a while, open sourced it, reassigned the developers to work on Google Buzz and now finally shuts Etherpad completely down. Quite exactly what happened with Jaiku, the Finnish microblogging service some years ago: Bought it, Open sourced it, reassigned developers to work on Buzzz. Jaiku is still up&running as it was moved it over to Google App Engine.

So now as Etherpad is open source, there are open source versions of it, see piratepad.net, pad.ubuntu-uk.org and http://etherpad.org/etherpadsites.html

The cool thing with Etherpad is that anyone can use it without a need to register or log in. Many people can edit the same file at the same time and they will immediately see the changes the others make. You can save revisions, export the files as txt, html, pdf and so on. It’s also great to see how the text is color coded: each user has his own color so it’s quite easy to see what has changed and so on. It also features an awesome time slider letting you to see when the changes have been made and so on.

Results

Screenshot of the press release - click to see it bigger

In less than two hours we had a press release, translated by around 10 people. See the screenshot on the right to see how one sentence can be edited by many people – and still make sense. At least to us, who read Finnish ;)

Releasing (=mailing it to news papers and other contacts) started immediately. This resulted a nice visibility in Finnish IT magazines – we’re still waiting for the break through on non-IT magazines :/

You can see the pad we used here: http://pad.ubuntu-uk.org/JnzhILi8dT (Thanks Ubuntu UK for supporting us :)

So I can recommend Etherpad to you and your community – it’s an awesome tool to allow your volunteers to skip all unnecessary registrations and focus on the results.

Thanks for everyone who contributed. You can check the final press release at Ubuntu-fi wiki.

ps. My guess is that Google will buy Doodle and ‘do the magic’ there in the following 12 months ;)

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July 2009 / Microsoft Press Release

Yahoo! and Microsoft announced an agreement that will improve the Web search experience for users and advertisers, and deliver sustained innovation to the industry. In simple terms, Microsoft will now power Yahoo! search while Yahoo! will become the exclusive worldwide relationship sales force for both companies’ premium search advertisers.

January 2010 / Ubuntu Desktop Mailing List

Change #2 is changing the default search provider in Firefox to Yahoo!
Note that this won’t in any way effect the ability of a user to choose
and use the search provider of their choice. It’s literally 2 easily
discoverable clicks to change this setting, a simple matter of switching
to that search provider in the chrome by clicking on the icon and
choosing the desired provider. Note also that Yahoo! does not share any
personally identifiable or usage information.

Why?
I am pursuing this change because Canonical has negotiated a revenue
sharing deal with Yahoo! and this revenue will help Canonical to provide
developers and resources to continue the open development of Ubuntu and
the Ubuntu Platform. This change will help provide these resources as
well as continuing to respect our user’s default search across Firefox.

February 2010 / Yahoo Press Release

Microsoft (Nasdaq:MSFT) and Yahoo! (Nasdaq:YHOO) announced today that they have received clearance for their search agreement, without restrictions, from both the U.S. Department of Justice and the European Commission, and will now turn their attention to beginning the process of implementing the deal.

Implementation of the deal is expected to begin in the coming days and will involve transitioning Yahoo!’s algorithmic and paid search platforms to Microsoft, with Yahoo! becoming the exclusive relationship sales force for both companies’ premium search advertisers globally. Once the transition is completed, the companies’ unified search marketplace will deliver improved innovation for consumers, better volume and efficiency for advertisers and better monetization opportunities for web publishers through a platform that contains a larger pool of search queries.

To me it looks like that 1+1 = Firefox of Ubuntu will soon be using Microsoft search engines and algorithms. If you know more about  and are able to clarify, please add it to the comments. What do you think, would you be happy to use Bing search engine as your search engine or are you maybe already using? Better than Google?

Thanks Aapo for the tip!

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Heikki did a great job  – 2 minutes and he got all 5 votes it’s possible to get (see the log).

I must say I was happy to see the board didn’t accept everyone. There were people who just were not able to show what they’d done for the community. A plain list on the site is not enough, you need to prove it: number of forum messages, Launchpad karma, wiki edits, cheers from other community members. You – need – to – be -prepared!

And that’s the way I think it should be: Ubuntu membership is a status, a reward for the work you have made for the community. Along with the membership you get the benefits: @ubuntu.com e-mail address, IRC cloack, free LWN.net subscription, Ubuntu CD’s from Shipit etc.

So thank you EMEA board, you once again convinced me that Ubuntu community is well governed.

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Today I also needed to store the values of a multimeter (HP 34401A) that measured the voltage over something the DAQ card also measured (PCI-DAS4020/12) measurement  – I wanted to see how the values change during a longer period of time so I plot the data from both the DAQ card and the multimeter and see how the correlate.

Version 0.1 – the old fashion way..

I take pen & paper and write down the reading of the multimeter at the same time when I run the DAQ measurement. It’s time consuming and requires me to stay at the setup all the time. I also have to use time to move my notes from paper to the computer. Works for shorter measurements.

Version 0.2 – the simple digital way

I write the numbers directly to the computer. Makes it easier to start processing the data, but still requires me to stay around the whole time.

Version 0.3 – half-automated

We connected a Canon SX100IS camera with a USB cable on the Linux computer. Then we wrote a small script to run the DAQ card measurement every 30s – and using gphoto2 to tell the camera to take a photo of the multimeter Gphoto2 is an awesome tool to control about any digital camera! Then when the measurement was done, I wrote the values from the photos to a text file and was ready to analyze the data. I don’t have to stay around the whole time waiting for the next 30s period, the camera does the work for me.

Here’s the script:

#gphoto2 --delete-all-files -R # this removes all files from camera.. be careful..
#
for i in {1..40};
do
echo "#################"
echo "MEASUREMENT $i"
date
echo "#################"
#
#capture a photo
gphoto2 --capture-image &
#
#run the DAQ measurement
/home/administrator/comedilib-0.7.22/demo/mmap > mittaus$i
#
sleep 30
done
#
#download all photos and rename them to photo1.jpg photo2jpg etc..
gphoto2 --get-all-files -R --filename=photo%n.jpg

But I still have to copy manually the multimeter values from the photos. Doesn’t work for long measurements, say 2000 photos or more..

Version 0.5 – automated version

We were discussing already earlier today the option of using GPIB to read the numbers. There’s linux-gpib package available as well as python-visa so it shouldn’t be too bad. However since I’ve never done anything on python nor GPIB I decided to try the RS-232 aka. serial interface. Google gave me the HP34401A manual that told me what kind of commands the multimeter understands and how to connect there. After playing around a while I had a bash script to do the work for me. It uses standard linux commands like echo, head, sleep, for and stty so it should work on any Linux box with no additional software or hardware required.

delay=30
measurements=240
#
#Initialize the serial port
stty -F /dev/ttyS0 ispeed 9600 ospeed 9600 -echo cs8
#
#Set the multimeter to remote mode:
echo "SYST:REM" > /dev/ttyS0
#
#Reset the multimeter
echo "*CLS" > /dev/ttyS0
echo "*RST" > /dev/ttyS0
#
#Show 'LOADING..' text on the screen
echo "DISP:TEXT 'LOADING..'" > /dev/ttyS0
sleep 5
#
echo "########" >> values
date >> values
echo "Points $measurements" >> values
echo "Delay $delay" >> values
#
for ((i=1;i<=$measurements;i+=1));
do
#
echo "#################"
echo "Measurement $i/$measurements"
date
echo "#################"
#
#Show text on multimeter screen
echo "DISP:TEXT 'MEASURING..'" > /dev/ttyS0
#
sleep 1
#
#Measure the DC voltage with the multimeter
echo "MEAS:VOLT:DC?" > /dev/ttyS0
#
sleep 2
#
#Read the value
head -n 1 /dev/ttyS0 >> voltit &
#
#Run the DAQ measurement
/home/administrator/comedilib-0.7.22/demo/mmap > mittaus$i
#
#Show counter
echo "DISP:TEXT '$i/$measurements'" > /dev/ttyS0
#
sleep $delay
done
#
#Clear display
echo "DISP:TEXT:CLEAR" > /dev/ttyS0
#
#Return to local mode
echo "SYST:LOC" > /dev/ttyS0

Now I had it all automated. This simple bash script controls both the DAQ card and the multimeter and saves the multimeter values in a text file. No need for me to wait at the setup nor write or copy the values anywhere. It also shows the number of the current measurement on the screen of the multimeter. The commands to send to the multimeter are very simple, SCPI commands so the same commands work for ~any hardware. The same commands also work with GPIB.

I know the same could be done with ‘real’ programming languages like Python or  C or GUI tools like LabView (starting from 780€). But 30 simple lines of bash (the rest’s comments & empty space) does it for me. I just love Linux.

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KDE4 desktop

The latest K/Ubuntu is now out there for you to try!

1. BACKUP your data files!
2. Release notes
3. Announcement
4. My upgrade
5. Upgrade instructions or Download
6. also don’t forget ‘Ubuntu Open Week‘

ps. the KDE4 upstream translations made it early enough, see this :)

Kokeile!

Uusin K/Ubuntu on nyt julkaistu, uskallatko kokeilla? Kubuntussa on nyt mukana uusi komia KDE 4.1.2 -työpöytä.

Uuden julkaisun myötä myös Ubuntu Suomen kotisivujen ulkoasu on laitettu uusiksi.

1. Ota varmuuskopiot tärkeistä tiedostoistasi
2. Lukaise julkaisumuistio
3. Päivitä tai lataa K/Ubuntu kokeiltavaksi

Ja niin, vielä korjauksena – suomenkieliset käännökset ehtivät mukaan :)

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Note: this upgrade was done before the stable release was made so some of these bugs I’ve faced here will have been fixed before you read this!!

Generally I’ve been happy with Hardy except for few last weeks: I’ve been hit by two bugs (I know I should be able to provide you the links to the bugreps.. sorry!):

1. nvidia proprietary drivers produce random stuff on my screen – and sometimes flip the screen upside down! This should be fixed in Intrepid with new drivers.
2. After login my the the keyboard malfunctions as my alt key would be pressed all the time. This means I can’t write, only move windows around the screen. I have no idea what does this but I hope it’s gone in Intrepid. If not else, a clean install will help.

So this motivates me to upgrade and if it fails, go for a clean install.

Setup

I’m running Kubuntu 8.04.1 w. KDE 4.1.2, 64-bit. Core2Duo E6600 2.4GHz with 2G of RAM and Asus nVidia 9600GS display adaptor.

I have two identical 400G disks as follows:
sda1 & sdb1 = /, RAID1 (md0), 40G
sda2 & sdb2 = empty to try other distros (not raid), 2x10G
sda3 & sdb3 = 2x swap (not raid), 2x1G
sda4 & sdb4 = extended for sda5&sdb5
sda5 & sdb5 = /home, RAID1 (md1), 320G

You can have a closer look at my disk config here.

Backup

I make backups on two 250G LaCie USB2 drives asynchronously so that I always have an older copy of the files around. So far 250G has been enough :)

This is the command to back up the home directory:
sudo rsync -van –progress –stats –delete-before /home/ /media/disk/2008-10-26-backup/home
(note, this is a ‘cold run’ and doesn’t actually yet copy anything. Remove the n from ‘-van’ to run commit the actual sync!)

Before running this I removed thumbnails (~./thumbnails), emptyed the trash bin (~/.local/share/Trash/files) and made a cleanup to remove and organize all random files laying around the home dir (I’m not using desktop anymore to store files:) I had around 312 000 Openstreetmap map files in the ‘temp’ dir that I moved away from home (to /var/Temp) not to be copied over to USB. I still had to back up almost 400 000 files. I takes hours!

Number of files: 399266
Number of files transferred: 315563
Total file size: 187866414971 bytes
Total transferred file size: 127279083505 bytes
Literal data: 127279109081 bytes
Matched data: 0 bytes
File list size: 10398576
File list generation time: 180.738 seconds
File list transfer time: 0.000 seconds
Total bytes sent: 127319513161
Total bytes received: 7164748

sent 127319513161 bytes  received 7164748 bytes  14353945.99 bytes/sec
total size is 187866414971  speedup is 1.48

I backed up /etc, /home and the list of installed packages.

Upgrade

As told here, I run the upgrade command as follows:

kdesudo "adept_manager --dist-upgrade-devel"

Just to get a popup telling me ‘Command not found!’. I had earlier installed a prerelease of adept 2 so I now run sudo apt-get install adept to make sure things are ok. Still a no. Installing adept-manager didn’t help either. I removed the adept2 PPA line from repository list, removed adept and adept-manager and reinstalled the older stable version. This helped and Adept started. ‘Version upgrade’ and off we go.

54 packages are going to be removed. 208 packages are going to be installed. 1247 packages are going to be upgraded. You have to download a total of 1723M. This download will take about 20 minutes etc..

I saw the list of packages to be installed, upgraded and removed. I’d like to be able to save this list to a file, it might be useful later.

In the morning a message was waiting for me: virtualbox-ose_2.0.2-dfsg-0ubuntu3_amd64.deb package could not be installed, but the upgrade can still continue and I should concider filing a bug report about this. I pressed the ‘Report Bug’ button and a new Firefox window opened with ‘know your rights’ button in the notification bar. I couldn’t login to launchpad so I copied the address to another firefox window I had running and confirmed a bugrep #286022. #210212 was also around. I got another error message that virtualbox-ose could not be upgraded – and the same for update-manager. I clicked ‘report problem…’ on both and after the update-manager bug was processed all installer windows had disappeared. In the notification area there was this blue icon that told me to restart. So I did. Just to see that the first start gave me a black screen and the second took me to terminal. I tried all kind of magic, installed some missing packages, tried old xorg configs and stuff. No error messages on Xorg, just a restart of X when trying to log in.

Reinstallation

I downloaded the kubuntu-8.10-rc-alternate-amd64 image and made a live usb on another computer with isotostick.sh. The installation kept asking me for a cd and was not able to recognize that it’s running from this ‘CD’, usb stick. I also tried unetbootin with no changes (so I later reported #290166). I decided to download the live cd and try with that.

While waiting for the image to download I had a closer look at the Kubuntu release notes/known issues and found #287488 – just by changing the default session type from KDM to KDE I was able to log in to Kubuntu Intrepid!!! This was supposed to be fixed before the stable release but was not so if you upgrade from Hardy/KDE4 to Intrepid, do remember to change the session type when you log in!!

How is it?

• Plasma stuff crashes every now and then
• Lancelot only crashes.
• My kde settings were still there on the new system. Good!
• Akregator didn’t remember everything but fetched me some 600 new messages and then crashed.
• Desktop & Kopete settings were gone
• Flash works on Frefox, not on Akregator
• Krunner crashed on the first run
• Kopete settings dialog was very slow
• Kopete is able to autoscale the window size
• Firefox looks more like KDE than earlier
• New nvidia drivers are FAST!
• Suspend and hibernate available in the menu. Didn’t try yet.

I like it! If you’ve done some customization I recommend a fresh install. If not then an upgrade should be fine but I have no experience on Hardy/KDE3 -> Intrepid/KDE4 -upgrade..

(some screenshots will possibly be added later)

What are your experiences?

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KDE 4.1.2 has been released!

KDE4 is the set of programs that Kubuntu uses. From next Kubuntu release on (see below) it will be the default for all Kubuntu desktops, previous releases have been running on KDE3 series. But there’s a lot of cool stuff why you should upgrade :) I like it!

Install packages for Hardy Heron
or see Announcement & Changelog

KDE4 desktop

Kubuntu Intrepid Beta has been released!

The next Kubuntu version will be officially released in a month but now there’s a beta version or a ‘preview’ for people to test & find bugs. It’ll bring KDE4 to the masses including the latest KDE 4.1.2.

See more information or upgrade instructions

Anyone know an easy way to get the countdown timer in WordPress as a widget?

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